A lateral flow biosensor based on an immuno-chromatographic assay has been developed for the detection of DNA-binding proteins. The biosensor is composed of four parts: a sample pad, a conjugate pad, a strip of nitrocellulose membrane and an absorbent pad. A DNA probe containing a specific protein binding consensus sequence is coated onto gold nanoparticles, while an antibody against the DNA-binding protein is immobilized onto a test zone of the nitrocellulose membrane. The target protein binds to the protein binding DNA sequence that is coated on the gold nanoparticles to form nanoparticle-DNA-protein complexes, and the complexes are then captured by the antibody immobilized on the test zone to form a red line for visual detection of the target protein. This biosensor was successfully applied to a DNA-binding protein, c-jun, and the developed biosensor allows for the rapid detection of down to 0.2 footprint unit of c-jun protein within 10 min. This biosensor was verified using HeLa cells and it visually detected c-jun activity in 100 mu g of crude cell lysate protein. The antibody against c-jun used in the biosensor can distinguish c-jun from other nonspecific proteins, with high specificity. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.??